Ecosystems of Hate: understanding the relationship between terrorism, hate crime, and hate speech

Hate underpins a variety of criminal behaviors, including terrorism, hate crime, and hate speech. However, disciplinary fragmentation has obscured their relationships. This chapter reviews the multidisciplinary research evidence concerning the relationships between terrorism, hate crime, and hate speech. It uncovers the empirical and theoretical knowledge gaps, and it proposes a new theoretical framework—Ecosystems of Hate—which aims to provide the intellectual parameters for a new research agenda to build systematic and cumulative knowledge about the shared causes, effects, and correlates between different hate behaviors. In closing, this chapter discusses the advantages and limitations of adopting an ecological framework focused on the interrelations among terrorism, hate crime, and hate speech.

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Tags: hate crime, Hate Speech