An academic research network on

ONLINE EXTREMISM AND TERRORISM

What is VOX-Pol?

VOX-Pol is a world-leading research network on online extremism and terrorism. It is a global network, with 30 member institutions from 12 different countries across Europe, North and South America, Africa, Asia and Australasia. VOX-Pol researchers have expertise in jihadism, the extreme right and left, nationalist-separatist actors, and emerging forms of extremism.

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Highlights

Blog Post
Clickbait Climate and the Political Economy of Planetary Vibes: How Ecofascism Thrives in the Digital Substrate
By Sara Hill When an extremist opened fire on a mosque in Christchurch, New Zealand, murdering 51 people and injuring…
December 3, 2025
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Blog Post
Short-Form Violent Content and Pathways to Fringe Gore
By Ryan Ratnam Introduction Earlier this year, numerous Instagram users took to scrolling through the Reels function of the platform…
November 26, 2025
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Blog Post
Use of Coded Language by Far-Right Extremists Online: Emojis, Numbers, and Symbols Reinforce In-Group Identity
By Francesca Gentile and Isabella Gomez O'Keefe Our recent research, presented at the VOX-Pol Next Gen Conference in Prague, explored…
November 19, 2025
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Online Library

Our Online Library collects in one place a large volume of publications related to various aspects of violent online political extremism.

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Al-Qaeda Content Analysis Countering Violent Extremism (CVE) Counterterrorism Extreme Right Facebook far right Hate Speech Islamic State (IS) Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS) Narratives Propaganda Radicalisation Recruitment Social Media terrorism Twitter (X) Violent Jihadism YouTube
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Latest Blog Posts

Blog
Clickbait Climate and the Political Economy of Planetary Vibes: How Ecofascism Thrives in the Digital Substrate
 December 3, 2025
By Sara Hill When an extremist opened fire on a mosque in Christchurch, New Zealand, murdering 51 people and injuring many more in 2019, headlines around the world began talking about ‘ecofascists’, a label the shooter had claimed in his manifesto. When that attack was followed by another a few years later using the same ...
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Blog
Short-Form Violent Content and Pathways to Fringe Gore
 November 26, 2025
By Ryan Ratnam Introduction Earlier this year, numerous Instagram users took to scrolling through the Reels function of the platform as usual, only to be met with extremely violent and graphic content, ranging from animal abuse to human murder. Meta apologised, saying there had been an algorithmic error which had now been rectified. However, this ...
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Events

Jun
22
2026
VOX-Pol Summer School 2026
12:00 AM - 11:59 PM
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