A multiplex network approach to understanding extremist organizations: A case study of the Proud Boys
February 20, 2025
Purpose This paper explores the network dynamics of extremist organizations through a detailed case study of the Proud Boys. Using a multiplex network approach, informed by recent advances in research on gangs, we examine how various types of ties influence extremist behavior. Method We first describe three focal networks through which the Proud Boys operate ...
Alt Tech and the public sphere: Exploring Bitchute as a political media infrastructure
January 23, 2025
The article explores Bitchute, a video-hosting platform associated with the Far/Alt Right, with the aim of understanding how it reconfigures political communication and the digital public sphere. Methodologically, the article employs the walkthrough method and non-participant observation to identify the main features and functionalities offered to users. These include a set of values that prioritise ...
Evaluating ‘Transnationalism’ as an Analytical Lens for Understanding REMVE Terrorism
January 23, 2025
This article explores the extent to which ‘transnationalism’ offers analysts a meaningful prism through which to analyze racially or ethnically motivated violent extremist (REMVE) terrorism or whether the term obscures more than it illuminates. The ‘transnational’ dimension of REMVE terrorism is often ill-defined and misunderstood, leading to misconceptions about the nature of such networks that ...
Visual Methods for Sensitive Images: Ethics and Reflexivity in Criminology On/Offline
January 23, 2025
This chapter addresses the impact and discomfort of researching extremist digital subcultures. It provides reflections about the visual and personal dimension from two researchers investigating online extremist far-right and incel content, using memes as a case study. Through visually stimulating images, humor, and narratives, memes can normalize and desensitize extremism and violence, not only for ...
The World White Web: Uncovering the Hidden Meanings of Online Far-Right Propaganda
December 19, 2024
*OPEN ACCESS* The World White Web provides an interdisciplinary analysis of far-right radicalisation in the digital age, drawing from criminology, history, and computer science to explore how technology and imagery accelerate extremist recruitment. The book examines 20,000 internet memes to reveal white supremacy’s deep historical roots. It demonstrates how far-right propagandists leverage historical narratives and symbols ...
A Critical Analysis: Key Strategies of Far-Right Online Visual Propaganda
December 4, 2024
The approach from the far-right in producing and disseminating visual propaganda has allowed for a persistent online presence to be maintained, despite efforts to remove extremist and hateful content. This chapter will critically explore the academic literature which considers how far-right actors are taking advantages of the affordances of online communication routes to spread visual ...
White supremacists anonymous: how digital media emotionally energize far-right movements
December 4, 2024
Digital media platforms have been implicated in the recent rise of far-right extremism. This study proposes that these platforms afford emotional processes that lie at the core of far-right movements. Drawing on Randall Collins’ interactional framework and the literature on cultural trauma, we investigate the emotional processes triggered by traumatic experiences within far-right online communities. ...
Far-right social media communication in the light of technology affordances: a systematic literature review
December 3, 2024
Most analyses of far-right communication on social media focus on one specific platform, while findings are generalized. In this study, I argue that the far right’s use of social media depends on technology affordances – the linkage between platform design and usage – and, thus, might not always be generalizable. After discussing six affordances – ...
Examining extremist language use amongst Australian members of an online far-right forum
November 27, 2024
Far-right extremists use the internet to recruit and connect with other radicalised individuals and spread their propaganda online, with them being prolific users of online forums and social media. Such online data can be analysed using linguistic tools to identify markers of radicalisation in social media, forum posts, and other extremist texts. Few studies have ...